Uterine fibroids, also known as myomas, are tumors that develop in the wall of the uterus. These noncancerous tumors vary in size and number and determining the type of tumor depends on the location. Often, fibroid tumors grow undetected; however, some women do have related symptoms that can include painful or heavy periods, abdominal pressure, pain, anemia or incontinence. Sometimes a physician can detect a fibroid tumor upon examination but will often order further testing, such as a sonogram or MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) to confirm the presence of fibroids and determine the extent of their growth.
Intramural
Intramural fibroids are the most common type and grow within the wall of the uterus. As these tumors grow, they cause the uterus to expand and may grow large enough to give the appearance of pregnancy. Heavy menstrual bleeding and back pain are common symptoms for this type of tumor.
Subserosal
Subserosal fibroids grow on the outer wall of the uterus and can put pressure on surrounding organs as the tumors continue to grow. Symptoms include bloating, cramping and pain caused by crowding the bladder or bowls.
Submucosal
Submucosal fibroids grow from below the lining of the uterine cavity. In addition to pressure and bleeding, these tumors can cause the fallopian tubes to be blocked, causing infertility.
Pedunculated
Pedunculated fibroids can grow into the uterus and on the outside wall of the uterus. These fibroids have an added complication in that they grow on a stalk that can bend or twist, causing severe pain and pressure.
Treatment
Treatment for fibroid tumors can vary from patient to patient depending on the severity of the symptoms, the location of the tumor, patient's age, family history and general health. Treatment options can include "watch and wait," drug therapy or surgery. Most women do not have symptoms related to fibroid tumor growth and only discover their presence through routine testing and examination. Other women can experience pain, pressure or bleeding that affects their health and quality of life. A patient and her physician must work together to determine the best course of treatment and to rule out other possible causes for the symptoms identified.
Tags: wall uterus, fibroids grow, fibroid tumor, fibroid tumors, pain pressure, pressure bleeding