The piriformis is a muscle in the gluteal component of the lower limb. Piriformis syndrome is a neuromuscular disorder, occurring when the sciatic nerve---a nerve running along the piriformis muscle---is compressed or irritated by the piriformis muscle. This results in pain, numbness and tingling in the buttocks and along the border of the sciatic nerve. Luckily, several massage techniques have been reported to reduce pain and increase muscle flexibility.
Massage Techniques
Many physicians believe massage therapy is the best remedy for patients who suffer from piriformis syndrome. Visiting a specialized massage therapist is essential in experiencing relief from the condition, as the specialist will be familiar with a wide variety of techniques. One technique, called Neuromuscular Therapy or Trigger Point Therapy, aids in eliminating myofascial trigger points in the piriformis muscle. The massage therapist may also employ Deep Tissue Massage techniques or Myofascial Release techniques, both of which assist in separating the piriformis muscle from surrounding tissues. Muscle Energy Techniques also help to gently lengthen the piriformis muscle.
Support
In a 2006 experiment presented by the American Massage Therapy Association, patients received 90-minute massages 10 times a week. The massages applied deep-tissue techniques as well as proprioception neuromuscular facilitation (PNF), Feldenkrais method of awareness through movement exercises (ATM), positional release therapy (PRT) stretches, Kripalu yoga and myofascial work. In addition, the massage specialists focused on pain centered in the muscles of the lower back, as well as the posterior and anterior of the legs. The conclusions reported that these regular massage sessions greatly reduced pain in the patients, enhanced in their mental well-being and minimized symptoms.
Post-Massage At-Home Care:
Patients receiving massage therapy for piriformis syndrome may further reduce muscle pain by adhering to a strict at-home care regimen. Patients should apply ice and heat to the exterior of the muscle. Ice may help to reduce the onset of pain after completing a strenuous activity, while heat may help to warm the muscles and enhance flexibility. Custom shoes may also help in preventing the injury from recurring. Correction of posture may also help in reducing the use of the piriformis muscle while allowing the muscle to relax and heal between massage appointments.
Additional Holistic Treatments:
In addition to massages, many doctors recommend at-home physical therapy, including stretching techniques and positions that reduce strain on the piriformis and strengthen the core muscles, including the abdomen and back. Physicians also recommend avoiding strenuous activity, including bicycling and running. Blueberries, ginger and turmeric have also shown anti-inflammatory qualities which reduce joint pain in patients who suffer from rheumatoid arthritis.
Expert Insight:
Over fifteen percent of the population has a sciatic nerve that passes through the piriformis muscle rather than below it. Recent studies have concluded that these patients have a greater chance of developing piriformis syndrome, though regular massage sessions may assist in reducing the frequency of developing piriformis syndrome. Failure to treat piriformis syndrome may result in an obturator internus muscle injury, so it is essential to report any incidences of radiating pain down the back of your leg to a doctor immediately.
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