Abnormal electrical signals to the brain may lead to a seizure.
Pediatric seizures may include involuntary convulsions and muscle spasms. Some children also have a loss of awareness, according to Columbia University Medical Center. Seizures can affect children as young as newborn infants.
Causes
Fever is one of the most common causes of pediatric seizures, according to Le Bonheur Children's Medical Center. Other causes of pediatric seizures include central nervous system infection, brain tumors, head injury, epilepsy and metabolic disorders.
Types
The two main types of seizures are partial seizures and generalized seizures. Partial seizures involve one side of the brain, while both sides of the brain are involved in generalized seizures.
Diagnosis
Along with a medical history and physical exam, an electroencephalogram will likely be part of the diagnostic process. An electroencephalogram measures the electric activity of the brain, according to Duke Children's Hospital website.
Treatment
Medications may be given to treat pediatric seizures and may include phenobaritrol or valproic acid. Surgery may be suggested in cases where seizures are severe and medications are not effective, according to Loyola University Medical Education Network.
Complications
When pediatric seizures don't stop, a condition known as status epilepticus can develop. This can be a life threatening condition and requires immediate medical attention.
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