Causes of Heat Exhaustion
During the summer, heat exhaustion can strike at any time. Heat exhaustion can turn into deadly heatstroke quickly, so it is important to recognize the causes, signs and symptoms of heatstroke and act quickly to provide first aid. There are many causes of heat exhaustion and several conditions that can predispose people to heat exhaustion and heatstroke. Obesity, pregnancy, and chronic illness are just some factors that may predispose people to heat exhaustion.
Identification
Heat exhaustion occurs when the body's internal cooling mechanism is not functioning properly. It usually happens after an individual has been exposed to heat or has been exercising or working outside. Symptoms include dizziness, nausea, perspiration, and cold, clammy skin. The person may shiver or feel cold even though it is very hot outside.
Function
Inside the human body, the hypothalamus, a section of the brain, regulates body temperature through a delicate signal mechanism. Fluids and electrolytes help this system function efficiently. When working, playing or exercising outdoors on a hot day, perspiration evaporates and helps the body maintain its steady 98.6 degrees F. If the hypothalamus cannot regulate this temperature or if fluids or electrolytes are low, heat exhaustion can occur. The function of heat exhaustion is that of a warning signal, relaying that there is an emergency condition and fluids must be replaced quickly in order to keep the body temperature normal.
Features
There are several causes of heat exhaustion. Working, playing or exercising on a hot day without adequate fluid intake is a primary cause. Medications can also disrupt the body's cooling mechanisms. Those with chronic illnesses such as heart disease, diabetes and respiratory disease are most at risk, as are the elderly, pregnant women and children.
Considerations
Many medications can cause or contribute to heat exhaustion. These include sleeping pills, tranquilizers, blood pressure medication and antihistamines. Any medication that acts as a diuretic, which removes water from the body, can contribute to the cause of heat exhaustion by encouraging the body to release even more fluids. This can make a person slightly dehydrated, which causes heat exhaustion.
Expert Insight
According to the University of Maryland Medical Center website, anyone experiencing heat exhaustion should see a doctor immediately. If the the person's temperature is taken and reads over 102 degrees, a trip to the emergency room is warranted. If treating simple heat exhaustion, the patient should lie or sit down in a cool room and drink plenty of fluids until he feels better.
Tags: heat exhaustion, body temperature, causes heat, heat exhaustion, heatstroke quickly, people heat, people heat exhaustion